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Selank is a synthetic peptide, which is the same as the naturally occurring Tuftsin, which is capable of changing or regulating one or several immune functionalities. Except that Selank is a more stable substance and has a longer half-life.
Interestingly enough there is research that demonstrates Selank’s ability to reduce anxiety, its ability to lower stress levels, improve mood, and also its ability to promote memory retention and improve learning capabilities. Selank has a somewhat of a sedative effect like benzodiazepines, however, Selank has not been shown to be habit-forming or addicting in any way and does not cause withdrawal or amnesia symptoms. Below is more in-depth information regarding Selank's potential benefits as found in numerous studies conducted.
Research done on rats demonstrates that Selank modulates the GABA signaling genes. The research demonstrates that Selank can change the expression of nerve cell genes and that the effects might be caused by changing the affinity of the GABA receptor [1].
Studies conducted on rats show that Selank and benzodiazepines have similar effects on anxiety disorders. Selank though has an advantage over benzodiazepines when combating high anxiety levels, but when used in sequence, the two together seem to have better results for treating chronic mild stress that is unpredictable [2].
Studies show that Selank’s effects are probably caused due to inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down circulating enkephalins and other peptides. This means that people with anxiety and phobic disorders produce more enzymes to break down these peptides, causing the enkephalins in their bloodstream to have shorter half-lives when tested during anxiety [3].
Another study shows that Selank might be assisting to protect the body’s natural anxiolytic peptides by resetting this enzymatic pathway. Studying anxiety-prone mice shows that some of the effects of Selank are caused by the prevention of enkephalin degradation [4].
Studies have shown that Selank can suppress the gene that produces an inflammatory cytokine reaction in patients with depression. This gene suppression does not appear to take place in healthy subjects, rather it is only observed in patients with depression [5]. This study may prove that Selank is useful in combating disorders in which anxiety causes negative common symptoms such as fatigue, headache, heart palpitations, high blood pressure, nerve pain, and last but not least depression. Interestingly enough, Benzodiazepines and Selank show similar positive outcomes in lowering anxiety, but Selank is also able to reduce fatigue and pain [6, 12].
The positive effect of Selank on pain and fatigue may be because Selank can slow the breakdown of enkephalins, the body’s natural painkillers. When rats were trialed with Selank, the results demonstrated that the peptide regulates the expression of genes affecting chemokines, cytokines, and receptors for both that are involved with the body’s inflammatory processes.
Selank was also uniquely found to alter the expression of the BcI6 gene that is mostly involved in the development of the immune system benefits [7]. More extended research showed that Selank temporarily changes C3, CAsp1, Il2rf, and Xcr1 gene expression in the mouse spleen. Selank can change the balance of the immune system and cause modulation of inflammation by affecting these genes [8].
One study conducted has indicated that Selank can actually do more than simply reduce stress-related impairment of memory. It appears that by changing the expression of genes in the hippocampus, Selank might increase memory retention and functionality. This shows changes in mRNA levels of 36 different genes after Selank was given to rats. The vast majority of these genes encode proteins associated with the plasma membrane and can regulate ion-dependent processes in learning and memory function for the long term [7].
Today it is widely known that anxiety results in a decreased ability to store new information or recall memories. Anxiety-combating medications can lower the negative correlation between anxiety and learning/memory, however, Selank appears to boost cognition directly which is a big plus. Studies in rats show that Selank increases the stability of trace memory and, in turn, results in an increase in the process of memory storage, regardless of the anxiety levels experienced by the rats [9, 12].
One study on rats treated with Selank following brain damage induced by a neurotoxin showed that the rat's cognitive processes were restored to their prior function. This study suggests that Selank can restore learning and memory functionalities after brain damage has occurred. The restorative positive effects of Selank seem to be related to Selank’s ability to cause inhibition of the catecholamine system in the brain [10].
Enkephalins are natural peptides that bind to opioid receptors in the brain and elsewhere to reduce the sensation of pain. Selank can reduce the enzymes found in human blood that break down these natural enkephalins [11]. These peptides are also present in high quantities in the brain and adrenal glands and act in the human stress response. Selank may help to regulate and lower normal stress response and the effects that it has on memory, learning, and concentration by regulating the levels of enkephalins in the brain cells [12].
SARMs should only be used under the direct supervision and direction of a trained and licensed medical doctor or a designated research authority. Sarmful strongly discourages the use of SARMs for performance enhancement in fields of various sports such as bodybuilding and achievement sports, etc.
S4 is an investigational compound still undergoing research and NOT yet FDA approved, nor it is a dietary supplement. Sarmful is solely a research chemical supplier specializing in sourcing and quality control. We are not medical doctors. Sarmful discourages strongly against “bro science” and peer consensus when making decisions about human health.
We do not encourage or condone consumer use of SARMs products, they are for research purposes only.
1. Volkova A, Shadrina M, Kolomin T, Andreeva L, Limborska S, Myasoedov N, Slominsky P. Selank Administration Affects the Expression of Some Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol. 2016 Feb 18;7:31. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00031. PMID: 26924987; PMCID: PMC4757669.
2. Kasian A, Kolomin T, Andreeva L, Bondarenko E, Myasoedov N, Slominsky P, Shadrina M. Peptide Selank Enhances the Effect of Diazepam in Reducing Anxiety in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Conditions in Rats. Behav Neurol. 2017;2017:5091027. doi: 10.1155/2017/5091027. Epub 2017 Feb 9. PMID: 28280289; PMCID: PMC5322660.
3. Zozulya AA, Kost NV, Yu Sokolov O, Gabaeva MV, Grivennikov IA, Andreeva LN, Zolotarev YA, Ivanov SV, Andryushchenko AV, Myasoedov NF, Smulevich AB. The inhibitory effect of Selank on enkephalin-degrading enzymes as a possible mechanism of its anxiolytic activity. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2001 Apr;131(4):315-7. doi: 10.1023/a:1017979514274. PMID: 11550013.
4. Sokolov OY, Meshavkin VK, Kost NV, Zozulya AA. Effects of Selank on behavioral reactions and activities of plasma enkephalin-degrading enzymes in mice with different phenotypes of emotional and stress reactions. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2002 Feb;133(2):133-5. doi: 10.1023/a:1015582302311. PMID: 12432865.
5. Uchakina ON, Uchakin PN, Miasoedov NF, Andreeva LA, Shcherbenko VE, Mezentseva MV, Gabaeva MV, Sokolov OIu, Zozulia AA, Ershov FI. [Immunomodulatory effects of selank in patients with anxiety-asthenic disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2008;108(5):71-5. Russian. PMID: 18577961.
6. Zozulia AA, Neznamov GG, Siuniakov TS, Kost NV, Gabaeva MV, Sokolov OIu, Serebriakova EV, Siranchieva OA, Andriushenko AV, Telesheva ES, Siuniakov SA, Smulevich AB, Miasoedov NF, Seredenin SB. [Efficacy and possible mechanisms of action of a new peptide anxiolytic selank in the therapy of generalized anxiety disorders and neurasthenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2008;108(4):38-48. Russian. PMID: 18454096.
7. Kolomin T, Shadrina M, Andreeva L, Slominsky P, Limborska S, Myasoedov N. Expression of inflammation-related genes in mouse spleen under tuftsin analog Selank. Regul Pept. 2011 Oct 10;170(1-3):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2011.05.001. Epub 2011 May 24. PMID: 21609736.
8. Agapova TIu, Agniullin IaV, Silachev DN, Shadrina MI, Slominskiĭ PA, Shram SI, Limborskaia SA, Miasoedov NF. [Effect of semax on the temporary dynamics of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor gene expression in the rat hippocampus and frontal cortex]. Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol. 2008;(3):28-32. Russian. PMID: 18756821.
9. Semenova TP, Kozlovskiĭ II, Zakharova NM, Kozlovskaia MM. [Experimental optimization of learning and memory processes by selank]. Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2010 Aug;73(8):2-5. Russian. PMID: 20919548.
10. Semenova TP, Kozlovskaya MM, Zakharova NM, Kozlovskii II, Zuikov AV. Effect of selank on cognitive processes after damage inflicted to the cerebral catecholamine system during early ontogeny. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2007 Nov;144(5):689-91. doi: 10.1007/s10517-007-0406-2. PMID: 18683497.
11. Kost NV, Sokolov OIu, Gabaeva MV, Grivennikov IA, Andreeva LA, Miasoedov NF, Zozulia AA. Ingibiruiushchee deĭstvie semaksa i selanka na énkefalindegradiruiushchie fermenty syvorotki krovi cheloveka [Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]]. Bioorg Khim. 2001 May-Jun;27(3):180-3. Russian. doi: 10.1023/a:1011373002885. PMID: 11443939.
12. Selank Peptide: Exploring its Potential in Anxiety and Cognitive Enhancement. Peptide Information (2023)
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